International space station intergovernmental agreement pdf

International space station intergovernmental agreement pdf
Intergovernmental Agreement, (IGA), or Agreement means this consolidated Agreement between the Tribe or Nation and the Department.
•1971 and 1987 – Bilateral (US-USSR) intergovernmental agreements •2009 – Fifth volume of the second joint publication : “US and Russian cooperation in space biology and medicine ” •Contacts within bilateral working groups and international organizations •Exchange of scientific data and practical experience •Joint biomedical research •Coordinated approaches to the types
Outline of Course on Law of Space Applications (2009) by Ram Jakhu 7 (b) Analysis of the 1998 international agreements for the operation of the International Space Station, particularly their provisions relating to:
United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Legal Subcommittee. April 17, 2013. The Legal Framework for the International Space Station
The International Space Station, with partners that surmount their cultural, organizational, and political differences to pursue a collective vision, serves as a model of science diplomacy.
ISS International Space Station OCFO Office of the Chief Financial Officer OIG Office of Inspector General SAA Space Act Agreement SAAM Space Act Agreement Maker SAP Systems Applications Products SIERA System for International External Relations Agreements . JUNE 5, 2014 REPORT NO. IG-14-020 OVERVIEW NASA’S USE OF SPACE ACT AGREEMENTS The Issue The National Aeronautics and Space Act (Space
The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement Prof. Joanne Irene Gabrynowicz, Director Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Space Law Beihang
The International Space Station is a co-operative programme between United States, Russia, Canada, Japan and eleven Member States of the European Space Agency (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland). It is governed by an international treaty, signed by these Member States on 29 January 1998, called the ISS Intergovernmental Agreement
A Proposal for a Protocol to the Intergovernmental Agreement on the ISS: Private Law Matters 107 P.P.C. Haanappel Disciplinary and Criminal Law in Space 115 T.A.deRoos The EU Constitutional Treaty and Space: Towards EU Jurisdiction on Board a Space Station? 125 S. Hobe and T. Reuter British Law and the International Space Station 137 F.Lyall Legal Aspects of Commercial Utilisation of the
The International Space Station program thus began in 1993, with Russia joining the United States, Europe, Japan, and Canada. An Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) established three
In order for the U.S. to do so, all the partners would have to agree to terms under the International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement, often referred to as the IGA.
ROSCOSMOS International Agreements Intergovernmental and Interagency agreements ISS Multilateral agreement Russia’s bi-lateral intergovernmental agreements for space
The Space Review Bartolomeo the new European challenge
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Space Stations Digital Library
Intergovernmental agreements. The International Space Station; the astronaut code of conduct. Missile control technology regime. 6. US National Space Law: commercial, civil and military space activities. 7. Space law by function: Communications, spaceports, launch services, remote sensing and exploration. Federal legislation and administrative rules. Directions in the developing scope of this
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has adopted as final, without change, an interim final rule regarding the policy and procedures for International Space Station crewmembers provided by NASA for flight to the International Space Station.
Orbit/Spectrum ITU International Regulatory Framework 1 ITU Regional Radiocommunication Seminar for the ASIA&PACIFIC Apia, Samoa 19-23 September 2016
The ownership and use of the space station is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements. The station has been continuously occupied for more than 14 years since the arrival of
4 Intergovernmental Agreement on the International Space Station: The International Space Station is a co- operative programme between Europe, the …
Head of the Russian delegation to the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space (COPUOS). Academician, Russian Academy of Space. In 1994–1998 was the Head of the Russian delegation to intergovernmental negotiations on the International Space Station project.

Transnational Law and Business University Graduate School of Law in Seoul Outer Space Law The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement Professor: Lee Myung Kun . 10 Pages. Transnational Law and Business University Graduate School of Law in Seoul Outer Space Law The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement Professor: Lee Myung Kun. Uploaded …
Backdropped by the blackness of space and a blue and white Earth, the International Space Station (ISS) is now separated from the Space Shuttle Endeavour following the undocking of the two spacecraft over western Kazakhstan on June 15, 2002.
Agreement Among the Government of Canada, the Governments of Member States of the European Space Agency, The Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United States Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station, January 29, 1998.
This legal framework was set up by the International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement, often referred to as “the IGA,” which was signed in January of 1998. Original Why We Shouldn’t
The International Space Station, (Also known as the ISS for short) was a primary location in Gravity. The ISS is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite in low Earth orbit. The ninth space station to be inhabited by crews, it follows the Soviet and later Russian Salyut, Almaz, and…
jectives, as exemplified by the International Space Station program. The agreements on space coop- The agreements on space coop- eration reached in 1993 and 1994 by Vice President Al Gore and Russian Prime Minister Viktor Cher-
the International Space Station (ISS) Programme signed early in 1998 by NASA and each of the Cooperating Agencies designated by the other ISS Partners (i.e. the Russian Space Agency, ESA, the Government of Japan and the Canadian Space Agency), approved the Code of Conduct for International Space Station Crews. This document contains a set of standards agreed by all …
14/05/2018 · Article 2 of the IGA lays down the international rights and obligations, with paragraph 2 stating that the ISS shall be developed, operated, and utilized in accordance with international law, including the Outer Space Treaty (OST), the Rescue Agreement, the Liability Convention, and the Registration Convention. In effect, privatization does not change the state of affairs with respect to …

(a) The Intergovernmental Agreement Among the Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the European Space Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United States of America concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station (IGA) for the International Space Station (ISS) contains a cross …
Through this Agreement, the Space Shuttles assigned to the International Space Station may land at the 125 Air Base of Istres Le Tubé in the event of an emergency. Therefore, the Space Shuttles
ISS Intergovernmental Agreement Artist’s impression, current configuration of the ISS. (Image: ESA/D.Ducros) The International Space Station is a co-operative
Legal aspects 1998 Agreement. The legal structure that regulates the station is multi-layered. The primary layer establishing obligations and rights between the ISS partners is the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA), an international treaty signed on January 28, 1998 by fifteen governments involved in the Space Station project.
The space station is a joint program operated by five participating space agencies – NASA, European Space Agency, Roscosmos (Russia), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and Canadian Space Agency – and its ownership and use is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements.
lowed its intergovernmental space agreement with the Soviet Union to lapse in the wake of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the imposition of martial law in Poland, the French decided to continue relations. Indeed, Chretien’s Salyut-7 flight in 1982 was the subject of considerable con-troversy in France, but the issue appears to have been resolved in favor of continuing cooperation at a
January 29, 1998, marked an important milestone for the International Space Station as senior government officials from 15 countries met in Washington and signed agreements establishing the framework for cooperation among the partners on the design, development, operation and utilization of the Space Station.
The use of the International Space Station is governed by public entities. It is based on the It is based on the Intergovernmental Agreement of the United States, Russia, Japan, Canada and 10 ESA
The orbital construction of the space station began in 1998 after the participating nations signed the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA), which established a legal framework that
the United States signed an intergovernmental agreement on International Space Station cooperation. The first two modules of the station were launched and joined together in 1998, and two years later, the first crew members arrived. Fifteen nations are currently working together as partners to complete the space station by 2010. The International Space Station is truly international, with
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12890 Brazil – Space Cooperation – October – 14 – 1997 – CS
Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement and add the Government of the Russian Federation as a new-party (either the 1988 Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement or its superseding agreement referred to hereinafter as the “IGA”),
Ownership of the International Space Station (ISS) is defined in an international treaty titled the International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA), signed in January 1998 by the fifteen governments involved in the Space Station project.
28/12/2018 · In 1998, assembly of the International Space Station began.In March 2012, a meeting in Quebec City between the leaders of the Canadian Space …
A premature end of the ISS by the United States would result in partnering nations dismantling the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA), providing an …
This is actually explained on the Wikipedia page on the International Space Station. Essentially the stations is divided in two, with the two parts under different “management”. A second layer of agreements was then achieved, called Memoranda of Understanding (MOU), …NASA is issuing new regulations entitled “International Space Station Crew,” to implement certain provisions of the International Space Station (ISS) Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) regarding ISS crewmembers’ observance of an ISS Code of Conduct.
Intergovernmental agreement between the usa Open document Search by title Preview with Google Docs agreement between the united states of america and the kingdom of the netherlands to improve international tax compliance and to implement fatca
According to Article 5(1) of the Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) of 1998, the legal basis for the ISS-cooperation between the US, Russia, Japan, Canada and ten European Governments, each Partner of the Agreement shall register the space objects which it provides. According to the wording of Article VIII of the Outer Space Treaty, only
1998 Agreement. The legal structure that regulates the station is multi-layered. The primary layer establishing obligations and rights between the ISS partners is the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA), an international treaty signed on January 28, 1998 by fifteen governments involved in the Space Station project. The ISS consists of Canada, Japan, the Russian Tue, 25 Dec 2018
The document may be used only in the International Space Station (ISS) program to fulfill responsibilities of the Parties or of a Cooperating Agency of an ISS Partner in furtherance of the ISS Intergovernmental Agreement. Re-transfer or disclosure to, or use by, any persons other than citizens of ISS Program International Partner countries, or use for any other purpose, requires prior U.S
5/03/2018 · The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement, often referred to as “the IGA”, is an international treaty signed on January 29, 1998 by the 15 governments involved in the ISS project. This key government-level document establishes “a long term international cooperative framework on the basis of genuine partnership, for the detailed design, development, operation, and
48 CFR 1852.228-76 Cross-waiver of liability for
the aegis of the European Space Agency (ESA) agreed to be partners in the space station program (two more since have joined). An Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) on a
Space Station, signed in January of 1998 (the Intergovernmental Agreement, or IGA)[1]. The IGA The IGA recalls all international space treaties that led to the ultimate development of an international
International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) IGA is signed legally binding 15 nations to the co-operative and genuine partnership for the development of the ISS. This document outlines the basis for design, development, operation, use and inhabitants of the ISS.
TASS Science & Space International Space Station the

Transnational Law and Business University Graduate School
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America Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station 27 March 2001 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as “NASA”), and the Russian Space Agency (hereinafter referred to as “RSA”), hereinafter also referred to as the “Parties”, RECOGNIZING the Agreement between the United States of America and
Ownership and use of ISS, established by various intergovernmental agreements, is a collaborative project shared by Roscosmos (Russia’s Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities), NASA (the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration), ESA (European Space Agency), JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), and CSA (Canadian Space Agency).
The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest and most complex international science and engineering project in history, taking advantage of the technical expertise of the participating countries.
Currently, perhaps the most complicated and challenging undertaking in outer space is the building of the International Space Station, the ISS.
International Space Station. The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, the last pressurised module was fitted in 2011, and the station is expected to be used until 2028.
to and from the International Space Station (ISS or Station); and the Agency continued to work with commercial partners Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX), Orbital Sciences Corporation (Orbital), The Boeing Company (Boeing), and Sierra Nevada Corporation
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 1968 “Rescue Agreement”
the Permanently Manned Civil Space Station, signed on September 29, 1988, entry into force in July 1992 after ratification by Japan and the United States (1988 IGA Agreement)
The Case for Managed International Cooperation in Space Exploration By D. A. Broniatowski, G. Ryan Faith, and Vincent G. Sabathier Introduction International cooperation in space exploration has the potential to provide significant benefits to all participants, par-ticularly if managed well. Benefits in the form of monetary efficiency, programmatic and political sustainability, and workforce
Ending International Space Station Funding Is a Huge Mistake

Partnership – The Way of the Future for The International
Ownership of modules, station usage by participant nations, and responsibilities for station resupply are established by the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA). This international treaty was signed on 28 January 1998 by the United States of America, Russia, Japan, Canada and eleven member states of the European Space Agency (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The
In the International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (ISS Agreement) estab- lishing the ISS as an international endeavor, Canada, the Member States of the European Space Agency, Japan, the Russian Federation, and the United States recalled the Outer Space Treaty and its principles.9″ Originally signed in 1989, an updated version was
International Space Station User’s Guide was d e-signed and developed to be this source. 1.1 Document Purpose and St ructure The International Space Station User’s Guide is an introductory
So perhaps the International Space Station could give us some guidance. The intergovernmental agreement has some provisions. For example, signatories have criminal jurisdiction of their nationals
18/04/2013 · The IGA is an element of the legal structure used to regulate the International Space Station and is an agreement between NASA, The Canadian Space Agency, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
If NASA exits what is the future for International Space
Aspects of the International Legal Regime concerning Privatization and Commercialization of Space Activities Gbenga Oduntan Georgetown Journal of International …
Chapter Summary. The rules on jurisdiction and liability contained in the International Space Station (ISS) Agreements do not provide all the answers to the issues raised by commercial utilisation, or the answer is not a always a satisfactory one.
TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL ACTS SERIES 12927 _____ SPACE STATION Agreement Between the

France to assist NASA with the future launches of the

U.S.-Russian Cooperation in Space (Part 4 of 14)
The Legal Framework for the International Space Station
The Impact of New Developments on International Space Law

Jurisdiction and Liability Issues in Carrying Out
https://www.youtube.com/embed/2U-GzEf_BCw

The EU Constitutional Treaty and Space towards EU

International Space Station program Wikipedia
International Space Station 1998 2011 All Stages Owners

Currently, perhaps the most complicated and challenging undertaking in outer space is the building of the International Space Station, the ISS.
A Proposal for a Protocol to the Intergovernmental Agreement on the ISS: Private Law Matters 107 P.P.C. Haanappel Disciplinary and Criminal Law in Space 115 T.A.deRoos The EU Constitutional Treaty and Space: Towards EU Jurisdiction on Board a Space Station? 125 S. Hobe and T. Reuter British Law and the International Space Station 137 F.Lyall Legal Aspects of Commercial Utilisation of the
The ownership and use of the space station is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements. The station has been continuously occupied for more than 14 years since the arrival of
According to Article 5(1) of the Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) of 1998, the legal basis for the ISS-cooperation between the US, Russia, Japan, Canada and ten European Governments, each Partner of the Agreement shall register the space objects which it provides. According to the wording of Article VIII of the Outer Space Treaty, only
5/03/2018 · The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement, often referred to as “the IGA”, is an international treaty signed on January 29, 1998 by the 15 governments involved in the ISS project. This key government-level document establishes “a long term international cooperative framework on the basis of genuine partnership, for the detailed design, development, operation, and
January 29, 1998, marked an important milestone for the International Space Station as senior government officials from 15 countries met in Washington and signed agreements establishing the framework for cooperation among the partners on the design, development, operation and utilization of the Space Station.
to and from the International Space Station (ISS or Station); and the Agency continued to work with commercial partners Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX), Orbital Sciences Corporation (Orbital), The Boeing Company (Boeing), and Sierra Nevada Corporation
TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL ACTS SERIES 12927 _____ SPACE STATION Agreement Between the
the Permanently Manned Civil Space Station, signed on September 29, 1988, entry into force in July 1992 after ratification by Japan and the United States (1988 IGA Agreement)
the aegis of the European Space Agency (ESA) agreed to be partners in the space station program (two more since have joined). An Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) on a
1998 Agreement. The legal structure that regulates the station is multi-layered. The primary layer establishing obligations and rights between the ISS partners is the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA), an international treaty signed on January 28, 1998 by fifteen governments involved in the Space Station project. The ISS consists of Canada, Japan, the Russian Tue, 25 Dec 2018
(a) The Intergovernmental Agreement Among the Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the European Space Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United States of America concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station (IGA) for the International Space Station (ISS) contains a cross …

NASA’s Use of Space Act Agreements
Jurisdiction and Liability Issues in Carrying Out

The document may be used only in the International Space Station (ISS) program to fulfill responsibilities of the Parties or of a Cooperating Agency of an ISS Partner in furtherance of the ISS Intergovernmental Agreement. Re-transfer or disclosure to, or use by, any persons other than citizens of ISS Program International Partner countries, or use for any other purpose, requires prior U.S
The International Space Station, with partners that surmount their cultural, organizational, and political differences to pursue a collective vision, serves as a model of science diplomacy.
Backdropped by the blackness of space and a blue and white Earth, the International Space Station (ISS) is now separated from the Space Shuttle Endeavour following the undocking of the two spacecraft over western Kazakhstan on June 15, 2002.
International Space Station. The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, the last pressurised module was fitted in 2011, and the station is expected to be used until 2028.
Through this Agreement, the Space Shuttles assigned to the International Space Station may land at the 125 Air Base of Istres Le Tubé in the event of an emergency. Therefore, the Space Shuttles
America Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station 27 March 2001 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as “NASA”), and the Russian Space Agency (hereinafter referred to as “RSA”), hereinafter also referred to as the “Parties”, RECOGNIZING the Agreement between the United States of America and
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has adopted as final, without change, an interim final rule regarding the policy and procedures for International Space Station crewmembers provided by NASA for flight to the International Space Station.
The space station is a joint program operated by five participating space agencies – NASA, European Space Agency, Roscosmos (Russia), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and Canadian Space Agency – and its ownership and use is established by intergovernmental treaties and agreements.
the Permanently Manned Civil Space Station, signed on September 29, 1988, entry into force in July 1992 after ratification by Japan and the United States (1988 IGA Agreement)

The Code of Conduct for International Space Station Crews
International Space Station folklife.si.edu

According to Article 5(1) of the Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) of 1998, the legal basis for the ISS-cooperation between the US, Russia, Japan, Canada and ten European Governments, each Partner of the Agreement shall register the space objects which it provides. According to the wording of Article VIII of the Outer Space Treaty, only
Ownership of modules, station usage by participant nations, and responsibilities for station resupply are established by the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA). This international treaty was signed on 28 January 1998 by the United States of America, Russia, Japan, Canada and eleven member states of the European Space Agency (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The
Outline of Course on Law of Space Applications (2009) by Ram Jakhu 7 (b) Analysis of the 1998 international agreements for the operation of the International Space Station, particularly their provisions relating to:
The International Space Station, with partners that surmount their cultural, organizational, and political differences to pursue a collective vision, serves as a model of science diplomacy.
18/04/2013 · The IGA is an element of the legal structure used to regulate the International Space Station and is an agreement between NASA, The Canadian Space Agency, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

The Code of Conduct for International Space Station Crews
US and Russian Cooperation in Space Biology and Medicine

The Case for Managed International Cooperation in Space Exploration By D. A. Broniatowski, G. Ryan Faith, and Vincent G. Sabathier Introduction International cooperation in space exploration has the potential to provide significant benefits to all participants, par-ticularly if managed well. Benefits in the form of monetary efficiency, programmatic and political sustainability, and workforce
18/04/2013 · The IGA is an element of the legal structure used to regulate the International Space Station and is an agreement between NASA, The Canadian Space Agency, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has adopted as final, without change, an interim final rule regarding the policy and procedures for International Space Station crewmembers provided by NASA for flight to the International Space Station.
The use of the International Space Station is governed by public entities. It is based on the It is based on the Intergovernmental Agreement of the United States, Russia, Japan, Canada and 10 ESA
The International Space Station, with partners that surmount their cultural, organizational, and political differences to pursue a collective vision, serves as a model of science diplomacy.
Space Station, signed in January of 1998 (the Intergovernmental Agreement, or IGA)[1]. The IGA The IGA recalls all international space treaties that led to the ultimate development of an international
Through this Agreement, the Space Shuttles assigned to the International Space Station may land at the 125 Air Base of Istres Le Tubé in the event of an emergency. Therefore, the Space Shuttles
So perhaps the International Space Station could give us some guidance. The intergovernmental agreement has some provisions. For example, signatories have criminal jurisdiction of their nationals

PG-3 International Space Station Program D683-85130-9
France to assist NASA with the future launches of the

the aegis of the European Space Agency (ESA) agreed to be partners in the space station program (two more since have joined). An Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) on a
America Concerning Cooperation on the Civil International Space Station 27 March 2001 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as “NASA”), and the Russian Space Agency (hereinafter referred to as “RSA”), hereinafter also referred to as the “Parties”, RECOGNIZING the Agreement between the United States of America and
Orbit/Spectrum ITU International Regulatory Framework 1 ITU Regional Radiocommunication Seminar for the ASIA&PACIFIC Apia, Samoa 19-23 September 2016
to and from the International Space Station (ISS or Station); and the Agency continued to work with commercial partners Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX), Orbital Sciences Corporation (Orbital), The Boeing Company (Boeing), and Sierra Nevada Corporation
the United States signed an intergovernmental agreement on International Space Station cooperation. The first two modules of the station were launched and joined together in 1998, and two years later, the first crew members arrived. Fifteen nations are currently working together as partners to complete the space station by 2010. The International Space Station is truly international, with
A Proposal for a Protocol to the Intergovernmental Agreement on the ISS: Private Law Matters 107 P.P.C. Haanappel Disciplinary and Criminal Law in Space 115 T.A.deRoos The EU Constitutional Treaty and Space: Towards EU Jurisdiction on Board a Space Station? 125 S. Hobe and T. Reuter British Law and the International Space Station 137 F.Lyall Legal Aspects of Commercial Utilisation of the
28/12/2018 · In 1998, assembly of the International Space Station began.In March 2012, a meeting in Quebec City between the leaders of the Canadian Space …

International Space Station Gravitymovie Wiki FANDOM
Jurisdiction and Liability Issues in Carrying Out

In the International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (ISS Agreement) estab- lishing the ISS as an international endeavor, Canada, the Member States of the European Space Agency, Japan, the Russian Federation, and the United States recalled the Outer Space Treaty and its principles.9″ Originally signed in 1989, an updated version was
Ownership and use of ISS, established by various intergovernmental agreements, is a collaborative project shared by Roscosmos (Russia’s Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities), NASA (the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration), ESA (European Space Agency), JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), and CSA (Canadian Space Agency).
International Space Station. The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, the last pressurised module was fitted in 2011, and the station is expected to be used until 2028.
The Case for Managed International Cooperation in Space Exploration By D. A. Broniatowski, G. Ryan Faith, and Vincent G. Sabathier Introduction International cooperation in space exploration has the potential to provide significant benefits to all participants, par-ticularly if managed well. Benefits in the form of monetary efficiency, programmatic and political sustainability, and workforce